The single largest source country among diversity visa admissions from Africa is the Democratic Republic of the Congo. was admitted through the program, this share is 12% among those from sub-Saharan Africa. While less than 5% of the fiscal 2019 foreign-born population in the U.S. There are also substantial differences in admissions through the diversity visa program. from the Caribbean, accounting for 98% of all Caribbean-born immigrants admitted as refugees or asylees in fiscal year 2019. Cuba made up the largest group of refugees and asylees admitted to the U.S. as refugees or asylees that fiscal year, accounting for 24% of sub-Saharan Africa’s refugees and asylees in the U.S. People from the Democratic Republic of the Congo made up the largest group of African-born people who were admitted entry to the U.S. About one-quarter of sub-Saharan African and Caribbean legal immigrants in fiscal 2019 were admitted as refuges or asylees, compared with 10% of all immigrants. In fiscal year 2019, roughly 144,000 immigrants from the Caribbean and 92,000 from sub-Saharan Africa were admitted to the U.S., but the ways they entered or had their status adjusted varies by region. The legal status of Black immigrants Black immigrants more likely than immigrants overall to be naturalized U.S. Jamaica and Haiti have seen more modest increases, with 42% and 68% increases respectively since 2000. There have been similar increases in the number of Black immigrants from the Dominican Republic (144%). has seen a 205% increase in the population of immigrants to the U.S., while the number of Black immigrants from Nigeria and Ghana have grown almost 200%. Kenya has seen the largest increase, with 348% growth, and there has been an almost 300% increase in the number of Ethiopian-born immigrants from 2000 to 2019. Some countries of origin have seen large increases since 2000. in 2019, with roughly 390,000 and 260,000 immigrants, respectively. Nigeria and Ethiopia were the top birthplaces for Black African immigrants to the U.S. In 2000, those two Caribbean nations accounted for almost four-in-ten (39%) Black immigrants, but in 2019, their collective share had decreased to 31%, indicating a greater diversity of Black immigrants to the U.S. ![]() Though there have been some shifts in the top countries of origin for Black immigrants to the U.S., Jamaica and Haiti have been the top two countries, respectively, in both 20. All of these countries are in Africa or the Caribbean. The top 10 countries of origin accounted for 69% of the foreign-born Black population in 2000 and 66% in 2019. Jamaica and Haiti remain top countries of origin for Black immigrants The Diversity Immigrant Visa program increased the number of immigrants from Sudan, Ethiopia and Kenya, among other countries. A decade later, the Immigration Act of 1990 created the Diversity Immigrant Visa Program to encourage immigration from countries that did not send many people to the U.S. The act also paved the way for refugees from countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea and Ethiopia to come to the U.S. ![]() This act also allowed for the refugee ceiling to be amended in emergency situations, such as the large influx of the refugee situation created by the Vietnam War in the late 1970s. The 1980 act both created a definition for refugees and created a system for refugee admissions. would later be expanded further with the Refugee Act of 1980. The 1965 act marked a departure from the United States’ previous long-standing national origins quota system (which restricted the ability of immigrants from outside Western Europe to move to the U.S.) to a new system that emphasized family reunification and skilled immigrants. The most recent wave of voluntary Black immigration – as well as the arrival of immigrants from Latin America, Asia and the Middle East – is mostly due to changing immigration policies over the 20th century, such as the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. Civil War slowed the voluntary migration of Black people to the U.S. Restrictive immigration policies on non-Western Europeans after the U.S. ![]() ![]() Black population (19% of the overall population, according to the 1810 decennial census). By 1810, there was already a significant U.S. The importation of enslaved African people persisted until 1808, when this practice was outlawed. The trans-Atlantic slave trade marked the beginning of the Black population in the U.S., with the first record of an enslaved African person in the U.S. A brief history of Black immigration to the U.S.
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